An encoder is a rotary sensor that converts rotational displacement into a series of digital pulse signals, which can be used to control angular displacement. If the encoder is combined with a gear bar or screw, it can also be used to measure linear displacement. After the encoder generates an electrical signal, it is processed by CNC, programmable logic controller (PLC), control system, etc.

These sensors are mainly used in the following areas: machine tools, material processing, motor feedback systems, and measurement and control equipment. The conversion of angular displacement in ELTRA encoder adopts the principle of photoelectric scanning. The reading system is based on the rotation of a radial indexing disk, which is composed of alternating transparent and opaque windows. This system is entirely illuminated vertically by an infrared light source, which projects the image on the plate onto the surface of the receiver. The receiver is covered with a layer of grating called a collimator, which has the same window as the optical disc.

The job of the receiver is to sense the light changes generated by the rotation of the optical disc, and then convert the light changes into corresponding electrical changes. Generally, a rotary encoder can also obtain a speed signal, which needs to be fed back to the frequency converter to adjust the output data of the frequency converter.

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